{"id":1666,"date":"2019-10-07T11:57:58","date_gmt":"2019-10-07T15:57:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/actlabs.readyforlaunch.ca\/?page_id=1666"},"modified":"2019-10-29T12:59:38","modified_gmt":"2019-10-29T16:59:38","slug":"fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-first fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#003f6d;--awb-padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><style type=\"text\/css\" data-id=\"avada-vertical-menu-widget-18\">#avada-vertical-menu-widget-18 > ul.menu { margin-top: -8px; }<\/style><div id=\"avada-vertical-menu-widget-18\" class=\"widget avada_vertical_menu\"><style>#fusion-vertical-menu-widget-avada-vertical-menu-widget-18-nav ul.menu li a {font-size:15px;}<\/style><nav id=\"fusion-vertical-menu-widget-avada-vertical-menu-widget-18-nav\" class=\"fusion-vertical-menu-widget fusion-menu hover left no-border\" aria-label=\"Secondary Navigation: \"><ul id=\"menu-forensics-publications\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-3158\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3158\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Forensics<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3159\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3159\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/sampling-containers\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Sampling Containers<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3160\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3160\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/shipping-and-pricing\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Shipping and Pricing<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3161\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3161\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Ignitable Liquids<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><ul class=\"sub-menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-3165\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3165\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/methods-of-analysis\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Methods of Analysis<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3163\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3163\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Publications<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><ul class=\"sub-menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-3177\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3177\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/k9-sensitivity-comparison-to-the-laboratory\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> K9 Sensitivity \u2013 Comparison to the Laboratory<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3176\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3176\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-results-from-the-iaai-fire-investigation-and-arson-task-force-seminar\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Fire Debris Analysis Results from the IAAI Fire Investigation and Arson Task Force Seminar<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3178\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3178\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/vehicle-test-burns\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Vehicle Test Burns<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3179\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3179\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3166\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3166\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/accreditation-and-scope\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Accreditation and Scope<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3162\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3162\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/smoke-soot-analysis\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Smoke\/Soot Analysis<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><ul class=\"sub-menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-3167\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3167\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/smoke-soot-analysis\/case-studies\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Case Studies<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-3164\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3164\"><a href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/actlabs-downloads\/forensics-resources\/\"><span class=\"link-text\"> Forensics Resources<\/span><span class=\"arrow\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-three-fourth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:75%;width:calc(75% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.75 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">FIRE DEBRIS ANALYSIS, STATISTICS AND THE USE OF THE LATEST ANALYTICAL TOOLS<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Overview<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Fire investigators are interested in knowing the best type of samples to obtain, best containers to use, and the appropriate number of samples that would be representative for a fire scene. Additional information can also be gained from the general review of the type of losses that most often occur, the type of accelerant most often found, and the number of positive results determined. Also the importance of new analytical tools such as the use of Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry with a second Mass Spectrometry operation conducted (GC\/MS\/MS). This paper will explore these questions by reviewing of our database of the results of samples and cases submitted to Activation Laboratories Ltd.<\/p>\n<p>Activation Laboratories has studied, developed, and has advanced the technology used to determine the presence or absence of ignitable liquids in fire debris. Samples submitted for analysis are usually from the insurance industry in support of litigation in suspected arson cases. The samples are routinely analyzed in our laboratory by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC\/MS), the gold standard for analysis in this forensic field. In early 1997, Activation Laboratories developed a second confirmatory analysis using technology that is currently the ultimate in sensitivity and specificity, GC\/MS\/MS. This is used when samples have residues in trace amounts, are very complex, or when the effects of the fire incident or subsequent environmental factors weather the samples.<\/p>\n<p>During the time that GC\/MS\/MS has been offered at Activation Laboratories, a total of 381 samples were submitted. Of this total, 41% were determined to be positive for the presence of a ignitable liquid. The results are further broken down in the following table.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">What Type of Sample Best Retained Ignitable Liquids?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p><div id=\"footable_parent_1752\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_0\" data-footable_id=\"1752\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Fire Debris Analysis Statistics And the Use of the Latest Analytical Tools__table1.csv\"            id=\"footable_1752\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1542962554_1752\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_1752 ninja_table_unique_id_1542962554_1752 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_3 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_4 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_sampletype \">\ufeffSAMPLE TYPE<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_percentofsamplessubmitted \">PERCENT OF SAMPLES SUBMITTED<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_percentpositiveforsampletypebygcms \">PERCENT POSITIVE FOR SAMPLE TYPE BY GC\/MS<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_3 ninja_clmn_nm_percentpositivewithgcmsms \">PERCENT POSITIVE WITH GC\/MS\/MS<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_4 ninja_clmn_nm_increaseinnumberofpositiveswithgcmsms \">INCREASE IN NUMBER OF POSITIVES WITH GC\/MS\/MS<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"5965\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_5965\">\n            <td>CARPET<\/td><td>24%<\/td><td>40%<\/td><td>47%<\/td><td>7%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5966\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_5966\">\n            <td>CHAR DEBRIS<\/td><td>43%<\/td><td>32%<\/td><td>38%<\/td><td>6%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5967\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_5967\">\n            <td>WOOD<\/td><td>8%<\/td><td>35%<\/td><td>N\/A<\/td><td><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5968\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_5968\">\n            <td>SOIL<\/td><td>7%<\/td><td>13%<\/td><td>29%<\/td><td>16%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5969\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_5969\">\n            <td>LIQUID<\/td><td>3%<\/td><td>0%<\/td><td>N\/A<\/td><td><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5970\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_5970\">\n            <td>SWABS<\/td><td>3%<\/td><td>10%<\/td><td>N\/A<\/td><td><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5971\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_5971\">\n            <td>CONCRETE<\/td><td>1%<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td>N\/A<\/td><td><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5972\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_5972\">\n            <td>OTHER<\/td><td>15%<\/td><td>0%<\/td><td>N\/A<\/td><td><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<em>N\/A &#8211; no occurrence to date in using GC\/MS\/MS on this sample type.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Note that the overall performance, in terms of the percent of samples submitted being positive, is often directly affected by the quality of the sample taken. Investigators from coast-to-coast have submitted these samples from a wide variety of situations. Three sample types stand out in this data. Concrete was the surprise in this review with 100% of the samples having positive results. We would add that these samples had chunks of concrete, say of 2 to 3 centimeters in length that had been chipped out. They were not small flakes from just the concrete surface. Carpet and wood have the best success following concrete.<\/p>\n<p>The use of GC\/MS\/MS lead to a noteworthy and significant improvement in the number of positive results recorded for those sample types that it was used on. GC\/MS\/MS is only performed on select samples. When only these samples are considered, the performance of GC\/MS\/MS is even more impressive.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Locating Samples with a K9<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p>A number of submissions were identified where the investigator had used a trained K9 to aid in the locating of samples that may have contained traces of a ignitable liquid. The following table shows the performance of one individual K9.<\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_1754\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_1\" data-footable_id=\"1754\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Fire Debris Analysis Statistics And the Use of the Latest Analytical Tools__table2.csv\"            id=\"footable_1754\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2435834793_1754\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_1754 ninja_table_unique_id_2435834793_1754 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_ninja_column_1 \">\ufeff<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_total \">TOTAL<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_percentpositive \">PERCENT POSITIVE<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"5973\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_5973\">\n            <td>CASES<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>69%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5974\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_5974\">\n            <td>SAMPLES<\/td><td>35<\/td><td>46%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p>This particular K9 located samples that were positive 46% of the time. This is an improvement of 5% more than the average of 41% in this single study. It may also be an important statistic that, when a K9 is used, almost 70% of the cases had a positive sample in that submission. In some cases it requires only one positive sample to potentially save thousands of dollars from fraudulent claims.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">What Containers Perform Best?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p>The 381 samples were submitted in 3 types of containers. The performance observed for each is outlined in the following table.<\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_1756\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_2\" data-footable_id=\"1756\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Fire Debris Analysis Statistics And the Use of the Latest Analytical Tools__table3.csv\"            id=\"footable_1756\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1467281644_1756\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_1756 ninja_table_unique_id_1467281644_1756 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_ninja_column_1 \">\ufeff<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_ofsamplessubmitted \">% OF SAMPLES SUBMITTED<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_resultsaspositive \">% RESULTS AS POSITIVE<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"5975\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_5975\">\n            <td>METAL PAINT CANS<\/td><td>6%<\/td><td>27%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5976\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_5976\">\n            <td>GLASS MASON JARS<\/td><td>92%<\/td><td>41%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5977\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_5977\">\n            <td>NYLON EVIDENCE BAGS<\/td><td>2%<\/td><td>83%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p>The large percentage of mason jars indicates the high number of Canadian based submissions. Mason jars are most often used in Canada and in this study significantly outperformed the results for samples stored in new lined metal paint cans by 15%. Some investigators worry about breakage in shipping and the effect of the red seal that is adhered to the tin lid. There were only two breakages noted from over 300 mason jars submitted and these were shipped with virtually no packing material. With the use of GC\/MS and GC\/MS\/MS based methods, the red seal no longer presents a significant interference to the analysis of fire debris samples. The most surprising figure was the performance of the nylon evidence bags where over 80% of these samples were determined to be positive. Possibly the biggest reason for this is that good pre-tested nylon evidence bags have less chemical background than metal paint cans or even sterilized glass mason jars. This allows for the study of smaller amounts of ignitable liquids and simplifies the interpretation of the samples. Through our in-house research, Activation Laboratories is encouraging our customers to use pre-tested nylon evidence bags. The advantages include lightweight and reduced space requirements for carrying them from site-to-site as well as reduced shipping costs. Less chance of breakage in shipping, cost-competitive with other containers, and the better than expected ruggedness. However, of primary importance is the ultra-low level of their chemical background. This allows the best use of GC\/MS and GC\/MS\/MS analysis especially for highly weathered or very small samples.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">What Types of Losses Made Up the Samples in this Study?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><div id=\"footable_parent_1759\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_3\" data-footable_id=\"1759\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Fire Debris Analysis Statistics And the Use of the Latest Analytical Tools__table4.csv\"            id=\"footable_1759\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_4264823388_1759\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_1759 ninja_table_unique_id_4264823388_1759 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_losstype \">\ufeffLOSS TYPE<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_ninja_column_2 \">%<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"5985\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_5985\">\n            <td>HOUSE<\/td><td>64%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5986\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_5986\">\n            <td>VEHICLE<\/td><td>12%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5987\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_5987\">\n            <td>STORE<\/td><td>7%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5988\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_5988\">\n            <td>RESTAURANT<\/td><td>5%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5989\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_5989\">\n            <td>APARTMENT\/ COTTAGE<\/td><td>4%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5990\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_5990\">\n            <td>OFFICE<\/td><td>3%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5991\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_5991\">\n            <td>WAREHOUSE<\/td><td>3%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5992\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_5992\">\n            <td>HOSPITAL<\/td><td>2%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p>It should be remembered when reviewing these results, that the size of the structure can alter the reported percentages. As an example there might be more samples taken to adequately cover a case involving a warehouse than needed to cover a vehicle fire.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">The Most Common Accelerants<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p>Of the samples with positive results during the time period of this study, the following accelerants were identified with the following observed frequency.<\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_1761\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_4\" data-footable_id=\"1761\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Fire Debris Analysis Statistics And the Use of the Latest Analytical Tools__table5.csv\"            id=\"footable_1761\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_4057319896_1761\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_1761 ninja_table_unique_id_4057319896_1761 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_accelerant \">\ufeffACCELERANT<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_ninja_column_2 \">%<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"5993\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_5993\">\n            <td>GASOLINE<\/td><td>65%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5994\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_5994\">\n            <td>FUEL OIL<\/td><td>12%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5995\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_5995\">\n            <td>VARSOL<\/td><td>7%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5996\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_5996\">\n            <td>KEROSENE<\/td><td>3%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5997\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_5997\">\n            <td>LAMP OIL<\/td><td>3%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5998\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_5998\">\n            <td>MINERAL SPIRITS<\/td><td>3%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"5999\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_5999\">\n            <td>MISCELLANEOUS<\/td><td>7%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p>Gasoline was identified in 65% of the samples that were positive for a ignitable liquid. There are similar statistics for most places in the world. Petrol\/gasoline was found to be the accelerant of choice in 69% of the positive results in a study in Australia in 1996 (Jackowski). With these results in mind, Activation Laboratories has focused their research on improving the technology to detect all ignitable liquids with a special focus on gasoline. Our confirmatory analysis by GC\/MS\/MS is extremely sensitive to the detection of gasoline.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Representative Sampling<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><div id=\"footable_parent_1762\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_5\" data-footable_id=\"1762\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Fire Debris Analysis Statistics And the Use of the Latest Analytical Tools__table6.csv\"            id=\"footable_1762\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_265680333_1762\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_1762 ninja_table_unique_id_265680333_1762 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_numberofsamplestaken \">\ufeffNUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_ofcaseshavingthisnumberofsamples \">% OF CASES HAVING THIS NUMBER OF SAMPLES<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_ofcaseshavingapositiveresult \">% OF CASES HAVING A POSITIVE RESULT<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"6000\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_6000\">\n            <td>1<\/td><td>42%<\/td><td>87%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"6001\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_6001\">\n            <td>2<\/td><td>32%<\/td><td>55%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"6002\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_6002\">\n            <td>3<\/td><td>7%<\/td><td>33%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"6003\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_6003\">\n            <td>4<\/td><td>10%<\/td><td>36%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"6004\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_6004\">\n            <td>5<\/td><td>3%<\/td><td>33%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"6005\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_6005\">\n            <td>6<\/td><td>6%<\/td><td>100%<\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p>A total of 74% of the cases had only 1 or 2 samples submitted. Of these small submissions an average of 71% of the cases had a positive result. This indicates that many investigators will only take samples if they are almost certain that the samples will lead to a positive result. Thus for cases that had 1 or 2 samples, 71% of these cases had a positive result. Investigators most likely believe that by taking only 1 or 2 samples they are essentially certain to be positive, that they will be seen as saving their client money and enhance their image. It may also show a lack of confidence in past laboratory analysis where samples that they firmly believed should have been positive were reported as negative. Thus investigators are taking fewer samples less often as they do not perceive the value in taking more than 2 samples.<\/p>\n<p>In this study it was observed that those cases that had 6 samples submitted, resulted in one or more positive samples in 100% of the submissions. GC\/MS\/MS was used in 20% of these submissions adding to this very high success rate. Thus the success rate in finding evidence of ignitable liquids from the cases chosen to be investigated could possibly increase by almost 30% by taking 6 samples instead of 1 or 2. An increase of 30% in successfully identifying potential fraudulent claims could mean significantly more in savings than the few hundred dollars to test 4 or 5 additional samples.<\/p>\n<p>Other publications support these findings (Byron). From a larger study in the U.S. it was found that \u00ab\u00a0representative sampling occurs at 5 samples. Further sampling in unnecessary except to help determine multiple points of origin or with very extensive fires\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Thus the less than adequate sampling, by taking 1 or 2 samples and these only under certain conditions, must result in a dramatic under reporting of positive identifications for ignitable liquids in these cases. By under sampling cases, the insurance companies may be losing up to 30% of the investigations that they believe to have suspicious circumstances.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-9 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">In Summary<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><p>Today the fire investigator can significantly improve the probability of finding positive samples should ignitable liquids be present at the site of investigation. Choosing good samples, with the use of a K9 if appropriate, taking 5 or 6 samples for better site representation, storing the samples in pre-tested nylon evidence bags, and using GC\/MS analysis with the availability of GC\/MS\/MS confirmation, yields results with the highest confidence attainable anywhere today.<\/p>\n<p>The more sensitive and specific analysis by GC\/MS\/MS helps the investigator, as it is more forgiving to the sample location. The samples can still be proven positive a further distance from the fire origin since it can detect more minute residues of ignitable liquids. It is also important in the analysis of samples from hot or arid climates for the same reason. Adding to this extra sensitivity is the superior selectivity that GC\/MS\/MS brings to the analysis of these complex samples. It is significantly better than GC\/MS at filtering out pyrolysates and making the identification of ignitable liquids more definitive. Use of this second confirmatory analysis is a very significant advancement in this field as outlined in an article published recently in the United States, entitled \u00ab\u00a0Canadians Use New Technique to Find Arson\u00a0\u00bb (Hays).<\/p>\n<p>If insurance companies were 30% more successful in defending against fraudulent claims by having a more representative number of samples taken in an investigation (5 or 6), and by using the latest technology in the laboratory (GC\/MS and GC\/MS\/MS), they could then recoup significant amounts of monies paid out to false claims. Ultimately this would reduce the cost of related insurance to their policyholders. Publicizing this success may also reduce the incidence of arson as the would be Arsonist would know that the odds of their success has been reduced, which in turn may also save the lives of innocent victims.<\/p>\n<p><em>(1) Jackowski, Incidence of Ignitable Liquid Residues in Fire Debris as Determined by a Sensitive and Comprehensive Analytical Scheme. J. Forensic Science 1997; 42(5): 828-832.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(2) Byron, Adequate Sampling of Fire Scenes. Fire and Arson Investigator, December 1990, Volume 41, #2.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(3) Hays, Canadians Use New Technique To Find Arson. National Underwriter; Property &amp; Casualty\/Risk &amp; Benefits Management Edition, November 9, 1998.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-parallax-none contact-footer nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling lazyload\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:80px;--awb-padding-bottom:80px;--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/texture-blue-1-min.jpg\" id=\"contact-footer\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-one-fourth fusion-column-first fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:25%;width:calc(25% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.25 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contact-icon.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-765\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:66.6666666667%;width:calc(66.6666666667% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-10 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">How Can We Help?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\">\n<div class=\"wpcf7 no-js\" id=\"wpcf7-f547-o1\" lang=\"en-US\" dir=\"ltr\" data-wpcf7-id=\"547\">\n<div class=\"screen-reader-response\"><p role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><\/p> <ul><\/ul><\/div>\n<form action=\"\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1666#wpcf7-f547-o1\" method=\"post\" class=\"wpcf7-form init\" aria-label=\"Contact form\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\">\n<fieldset class=\"hidden-fields-container\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7\" value=\"547\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_version\" value=\"6.1.5\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_locale\" value=\"en_US\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_unit_tag\" value=\"wpcf7-f547-o1\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_container_post\" value=\"0\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_posted_data_hash\" value=\"\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_recaptcha_response\" value=\"\" \/>\n<\/fieldset>\n<div class=\"row\">\n\t<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"full-name\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Name\" value=\"\" type=\"text\" name=\"full-name\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"company\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Company\" value=\"\" type=\"text\" name=\"company\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n\t<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"email\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-email wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-email\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Email\" value=\"\" type=\"email\" name=\"email\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"industry\"><select class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-select wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" name=\"industry\"><option value=\"\">Industry<\/option><option value=\"Agriculture\">Agriculture<\/option><option value=\"Cannabis\">Cannabis<\/option><option value=\"Environment\">Environment<\/option><option value=\"Forensics\">Forensics<\/option><option value=\"Geochemistry\">Geochemistry<\/option><option value=\"Geochronolgy and Isotopes\">Geochronolgy and Isotopes<\/option><option value=\"Life Sciences\">Life Sciences<\/option><option value=\"Materials Testing\">Materials Testing<\/option><option value=\"Metallurgy and Mineralogy\">Metallurgy and Mineralogy<\/option><option value=\"Oil and Gas Exploration\">Oil and Gas Exploration<\/option><option value=\"Pharmaceuticals\">Pharmaceuticals<\/option><option value=\"Other\">Other<\/option><\/select><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n\t<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"textarea-756\"><textarea cols=\"40\" rows=\"10\" maxlength=\"2000\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-textarea wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Message\" name=\"textarea-756\"><\/textarea><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n\t<div class=\"col-md-12\" style=\"margin-bottom:0;\">\n\t\t<p><input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-submit has-spinner\" type=\"submit\" value=\"SUBMIT\" \/>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-alert alert custom alert-custom fusion-alert-center wpcf7-response-output fusion-alert-capitalize awb-alert-native-link-color alert-dismissable awb-alert-close-boxed\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-border-top-left-radius:0px;--awb-border-top-right-radius:0px;--awb-border-bottom-left-radius:0px;--awb-border-bottom-right-radius:0px;\" role=\"alert\"><div class=\"fusion-alert-content-wrapper\"><span class=\"fusion-alert-content\"><\/span><\/div><button type=\"button\" class=\"close toggle-alert\" data-dismiss=\"alert\" aria-label=\"Close\">&times;<\/button><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1656,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1666","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools - Actlabs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools - Actlabs\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Actlabs\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-29T16:59:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/actlabs-og-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/\",\"name\":\"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools - Actlabs\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-10-07T15:57:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-10-29T16:59:38+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Forensics\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Ignitable Liquids\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Actlabs\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools - Actlabs","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools - Actlabs","og_url":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/","og_site_name":"Actlabs","article_modified_time":"2019-10-29T16:59:38+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":630,"url":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/actlabs-og-2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/","url":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/","name":"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools - Actlabs","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-10-07T15:57:58+00:00","dateModified":"2019-10-29T16:59:38+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/fire-debris-analysis-statistics-and-the-latest-analytical-tools\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Forensics","item":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Ignitable Liquids","item":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/forensics\/ignitable-liquids\/publications\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Fire Debris Analysis, Statistics and the Latest Analytical Tools"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/","name":"Actlabs","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1666\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}