{"id":198,"date":"2019-09-24T14:09:29","date_gmt":"2019-09-24T18:09:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/actlabs.readyforlaunch.ca\/?page_id=198"},"modified":"2025-08-25T11:45:21","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T15:45:21","slug":"precious-metal-analysis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/actlabs.com\/es\/geochemistry-analysis\/precious-metal-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Precious Metal Analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-first fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility 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fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">PRECIOUS METAL ANALYSIS<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Accurate and precise precious metal analysis can be performed by using fire assay, cyanide leach, aqua regia or INAA.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Precious metal analysis is usually determined by using either a lead or nickel sulphide fire assay pre-concentration step prior to analysis. This is required to separate the precious metals from the matrix and what could be interfering elements. The lead collection method (using Ag as a collector) is used routinely for gold analysis as well as platinum and palladium, or with no collector for silver, or with gold as a collector for Rh. Various types of analytical finishes can be used including INAA, atomic absorption, Gravimetric, ICP and ICP\/MS. Gold and multi-element analysis can also be determined by INAA using a 30g sub-sample. In order to do the full platinum group element suite a nickel sulphide fire assay is required with either an INAA or ICP\/MS finish.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" id=\"gold-analysis\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gold Analysis \u2013 Geochemistry<\/span><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:rgba(204,204,204,0);--awb-background-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;--awb-icon-box-color:#1a80b6;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-198-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-ab95bda20c29ebb4d fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_ab95bda20c29ebb4d\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"ab95bda20c29ebb4d\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#ab95bda20c29ebb4d\" href=\"#ab95bda20c29ebb4d\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A1 \u2013 Au Fire Assay \u2013 INAA<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"ab95bda20c29ebb4d\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_ab95bda20c29ebb4d\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay Fusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used, but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>INAA Finish\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The gold content of the resultant bead is directly determined by INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis). A minimum of one blank and two standards are analyzed with every work order. Duplicates are analyzed when samples are provided.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">INAA is an analytical technique dependent on measuring gamma radiation induced in the sample by irradiation with neutrons. The primary source of neutrons for irradiation is usually a nuclear reactor. Each activated element emits a \u00abfingerprint\u00bb of gamma radiation which can be measured and quantified.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The sample is encapsulated in a polyethylene vial and irradiated along with flux wires at a thermal neutron flux of 7 x 10 12 ncm-2 s-1. After a 7-day period to allow Na-24 to decay, the samples are counted on a high purity Ge detector. Using the flux wires and control standards, the decay-corrected activities are compared to a calibration developed from multiple certified international reference materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_296\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_0\" data-footable_id=\"296\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A1 - Au Fire Assay - INAA\"            id=\"footable_296\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1596805063_296\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_296 ninja_table_unique_id_1596805063_296 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"182\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_182\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>20,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> Note:<\/strong> If values exceed the upper limit, reanalysis by Fire Assay-Gravimetric (Code 1A3) is recommended. This method is only recommended when low level gold values less than 100 ppb are required. Otherwise code 1A2 will be more applicable for the range of 5-5000 ppb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further details are available on isotopes and gamma-ray energies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>References:<\/strong><br \/>\nHoffman, E.L., 1992. Instrumental Neutron Activation in Geoanalysis. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, volume 44, pp. 297-319. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Hoffman, E.L., Clark, J.R. and Yeager, J.R. 1998. Gold analysis-Fire Assaying and alternative methods. Exploration and Mining Geology, Volume 7, p.155-160.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-c080bc9cf773ddc1f fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_c080bc9cf773ddc1f\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"c080bc9cf773ddc1f\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#c080bc9cf773ddc1f\" href=\"#c080bc9cf773ddc1f\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A2 \u2013 (1A2-50) Au Fire Assay \u2013 AA<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"c080bc9cf773ddc1f\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_c080bc9cf773ddc1f\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay Fusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>AA Finish<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The entire Ag dore bead is dissolved in aqua regia and the gold content is determined by AA (Atomic Absorption). AA is an instrumental method of determining element concentration by introducing an element in its atomic form, to a light beam of appropriate wavelength causing the atom to absorb light. The reduction in the intensity of the light beam directly correlates with the concentration of the elemental atomic species.On each tray of 42 samples there is two blanks, three sample duplicates and 2 certified reference materials, one high and one low (QC 7 out of 42 samples). We generally rerun all gold by fire assay gravimetric over 5,000 ppb to ensure accurate values<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a01A2 \u00a0 (Fire Assay-AA) Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_298\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_1\" data-footable_id=\"298\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A2 - (1A2-50) Au Fire Assay - AA\"            id=\"footable_298\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2344628754_298\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_298 ninja_table_unique_id_2344628754_298 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"183\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_183\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>5,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> If value exceeds upper limit, reanalysis by Fire Assay-Gravimetric (Code 1A3) is recommended.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L., Clark, J.R. and Yeager, J.R. 1998. Gold analysis &#8211; Fire Assaying and alternative methods. Exploration and Mining Geology, Volume 7, pp. 155-160.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-4e9af3f3aed43f511 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_4e9af3f3aed43f511\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"4e9af3f3aed43f511\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#4e9af3f3aed43f511\" href=\"#4e9af3f3aed43f511\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A2B (1A2B-50)<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"4e9af3f3aed43f511\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_4e9af3f3aed43f511\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay Fusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>AA Finish<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The entire Ag dore bead is dissolved in aqua regia and the gold content is determined by AA (Atomic Absorption). AA is an instrumental method of determining element concentration by introducing an element in its atomic form, to a light beam of appropriate wavelength causing the atom to absorb light. The reduction in the intensity of the light beam directly correlates with the concentration of the elemental atomic species.On each tray of 42 samples there is two blanks, three sample duplicates and 2 certified reference materials, one high and one low (QC 7 out of 42 samples). We generally rerun all gold by fire assay gravimetric over 5,000 ppb to ensure accurate values<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_299\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_2\" data-footable_id=\"299\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A2B (1A2B-50)\"            id=\"footable_299\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1571170377_299\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_299 ninja_table_unique_id_1571170377_299 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"184\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_184\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> If value exceeds upper limit, reanalysis by Fire Assay-Gravimetric (Code 1A3) is recommended.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L., Clark, J.R. and Yeager, J.R. 1998. Gold analysis &#8211; Fire Assaying and alternative methods. Exploration and Mining Geology, Volume 7, pp. 155-160.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-85ffd30e8407f8c9c fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_85ffd30e8407f8c9c\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"85ffd30e8407f8c9c\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#85ffd30e8407f8c9c\" href=\"#85ffd30e8407f8c9c\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A2-ICP \u2013 (1A2-ICP-50) Au Fire Assay \u2013 ICP\/OES<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"85ffd30e8407f8c9c\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_85ffd30e8407f8c9c\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). \u00a0 The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible, the mixture is preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950 \u00b0C and finish 1060 \u00b0C, the entire fusion process should last 60 minutes.\u00a0 The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>ICP-OES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO3\u00a0 + HCl. After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au by ICP-OES.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_300\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_3\" data-footable_id=\"300\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A2-ICP \u2013(1A2-ICP-50) Au Fire Assay - ICP\/OES\"            id=\"footable_300\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_670779752_300\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_300 ninja_table_unique_id_670779752_300 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"185\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_185\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td>2<\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-ce97857770d5ee904 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_ce97857770d5ee904\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"ce97857770d5ee904\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#ce97857770d5ee904\" href=\"#ce97857770d5ee904\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A2-ICPMS<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"ce97857770d5ee904\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_ce97857770d5ee904\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). \u00a0 The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible, the mixture is preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950 \u00b0C and finish 1060 \u00b0C, the entire fusion process should last 60 minutes.\u00a0 The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>ICP-MS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO3\u00a0 + HCl. After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au by ICP-MS.\u00a0 On each tray of 42 samples there are two method blanks, three sample duplicates, and 2 certified reference materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_301\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_4\" data-footable_id=\"301\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A2-ICPMS\"            id=\"footable_301\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_762509745_301\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_301 ninja_table_unique_id_762509745_301 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"186\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_186\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-86252c16153300c12 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_86252c16153300c12\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"86252c16153300c12\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#86252c16153300c12\" href=\"#86252c16153300c12\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A6 \u2013 Au (1A6-50) Bleg-ICP\/MS <\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"86252c16153300c12\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_86252c16153300c12\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BLEG (Bulk Liquid Extractable Gold) involves weighing a 1-2 kg sample into a polyethylene bottle, adding an appropriate cyanide solution (0.25% to 1% NaCN) and bottle rolling for a determined period of time. A pH of 10 or greater is maintained during leaching.\u00a0 The gold is dissolved through formation of a cyanide complex. The resultant cyanide solution is diluted and analyzed by ICP-MS. A blank is run every 40 samples after instrument recalibration. The method can be made multielement for other elements which are cyanide extractible. The presence of carbonaceous material may result in preg-robbing (absorption of gold). Roasting of the sample prior to the BLEG process may be desirable for carbonaceous material or high sulphide samples.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_303\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_5\" data-footable_id=\"303\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A6 - Au (1A6-50) Bleg-ICP\/MS\"            id=\"footable_303\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_268510372_303\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_303 ninja_table_unique_id_268510372_303 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"187\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_187\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L., Clark, John R. and Yeager, James R., 1998.\u00a0 Gold Analysis \u2013 Fire Assaying and Alternative Methods. Explor. Mining Geology , Volume 7, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 155-160.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-3d753560618948b78 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_3d753560618948b78\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"3d753560618948b78\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#3d753560618948b78\" href=\"#3d753560618948b78\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A8 \u2013 Au Aqua Regia-ICP\/MS<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"3d753560618948b78\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_3d753560618948b78\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A 30g sample is digested using aqua regia leach at 95 \u00b0C, followed by analysis by ICP-MS. This method may not report total gold concentrations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Detection Limits (ppb)<\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_305\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_6\" data-footable_id=\"305\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Gold Analysis - 1A8 - Au Aqua Regia-ICP\/MS\"            id=\"footable_305\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_3141796097_305\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_305 ninja_table_unique_id_3141796097_305 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"188\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_188\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>2,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" id=\"silver-analysis\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Silver Analysis &#8211; Geochemistry<\/span><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:rgba(204,204,204,0);--awb-background-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;--awb-icon-box-color:#1a80b6;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-198-2\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-06ca8f63b13f2eb8c fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_06ca8f63b13f2eb8c\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"06ca8f63b13f2eb8c\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#06ca8f63b13f2eb8c\" href=\"#06ca8f63b13f2eb8c\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1E-Ag - Aqua Regia-ICP<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"06ca8f63b13f2eb8c\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_06ca8f63b13f2eb8c\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A 0.5g sample is digested using aqua regia, followed by analysis by an ICP. QC for the digestion is 15% for each batch, 2 method reagent blanks, 6 in-house controls, 8 sample duplicates and 5 certified reference materials. An additional 20% QC is performed as part of the instrumental analysis to ensure quality in the areas of instrumental drift.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppm)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_306\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_7\" data-footable_id=\"306\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Silver Analysis - Geochemistry - 1E-Ag - 1E-Ag - Aqua Regia-ICP\"            id=\"footable_306\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1414641646_306\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_306 ninja_table_unique_id_1414641646_306 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"189\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_189\">\n            <td><span>Ag<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>100<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" id=\"gold-and-multi-element-analyses\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gold and Multi-element Analyses &#8211; Geochemistry<\/span><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:rgba(204,204,204,0);--awb-background-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;--awb-icon-box-color:#1a80b6;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-198-3\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-287563206ed690b6f fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_287563206ed690b6f\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"287563206ed690b6f\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#287563206ed690b6f\" href=\"#287563206ed690b6f\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1D and 1D Enh \u2013 INAA<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"287563206ed690b6f\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_287563206ed690b6f\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determining rock types, alteration patterns and levels of pathfinder elements are key for the geologist to assess exploration potential. Actlabs\u2019 \u00abAu+34\u00bb (1D) is a cost effective multi-element approach to Au, PGE and base metal exploration. 1D Enhanced, with enhanced detection limits, is also available.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis) is an analytical technique dependent on measuring gamma radiation induced in the sample by irradiation with neutrons. The primary source of neutrons for irradiation is usually a nuclear reactor. Each activated element emits a \u00abfingerprint\u00bb of gamma radiation which can be measured and quantified. Routine multi-element analyses by INAA are performed on practically any material from the smallest sample which can be weighed accurately to very large samples.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A 30g aliquot, if available, is encapsulated in a polyethylene vial and irradiated along with flux wires at a thermal neutron flux of 7 x 10 12 ncm-2 s-1. After a 7-day period to allow Na-24 to decay the samples are counted on a high purity Ge detector with resolution of better than 1.7 KeV for the 1332 KeV Co-60 photopeak. Using the flux wires and control standards, the decay-corrected activities are compared to a calibration developed from multiple certified international reference materials. For values exceeding the upper limits, assays are recommended. One standard is run for every 11 samples. One blank is analyzed per work order. Duplicates are analyzed when sample material is available.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1D (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm)<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_307\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_8\" data-footable_id=\"307\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Multi-element Analyses - Geochemistry - 1D &amp; 1D Enh - INAA -1D (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm) - 1\/3\"            id=\"footable_307\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1803577506_307\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_307 ninja_table_unique_id_1803577506_307 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"190\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_190\">\n            <td><span>Ag<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"192\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_192\">\n            <td><span>As<\/span><\/td><td><span>2<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"193\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_193\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>5 ppb<br \/><\/span><\/td><td><span>30,000 ppb<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"194\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_194\">\n            <td><span>Ba<\/span><\/td><td><span>100<\/span><\/td><td><span>500,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"195\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_195\">\n            <td><span>Br<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"196\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_196\">\n            <td><span>Ca<\/span><\/td><td><span>1%<\/span><\/td><td><span>50%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"197\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_197\">\n            <td><span>Ce<\/span><\/td><td><span>3<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"198\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_198\">\n            <td><span>Co<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>5,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"199\" class=\"ninja_table_row_8 nt_row_id_199\">\n            <td><span>Cr<\/span><\/td><td><span>10<\/span><\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"200\" class=\"ninja_table_row_9 nt_row_id_200\">\n            <td><span>Cs<\/span><\/td><td><span>2<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"201\" class=\"ninja_table_row_10 nt_row_id_201\">\n            <td><span>Eu<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>2,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"202\" class=\"ninja_table_row_11 nt_row_id_202\">\n            <td><span>Fe<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.02%<\/span><\/td><td><span>75%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_315\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_9\" data-footable_id=\"315\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Multi-element Analyses - Geochemistry - 1D &amp; 1D Enh - INAA -1D (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm) - 2\/3\"            id=\"footable_315\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1601269009_315\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_315 ninja_table_unique_id_1601269009_315 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"218\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_218\">\n            <td><span>Hf<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>500<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"219\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_219\">\n            <td><span>Hg<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"220\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_220\">\n            <td><span>Ir<\/span><\/td><td><span>5 ppb<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000 ppb<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"221\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_221\">\n            <td><span>La<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"222\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_222\">\n            <td><span>Lu<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.05<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"223\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_223\">\n            <td><span>Mo<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"224\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_224\">\n            <td><span>Na<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.05%<\/span><\/td><td><span>10%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"225\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_225\">\n            <td><span>Nd<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"226\" class=\"ninja_table_row_8 nt_row_id_226\">\n            <td><span>Ni<\/span><\/td><td><span>50<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"227\" class=\"ninja_table_row_9 nt_row_id_227\">\n            <td><span>Rb<\/span><\/td><td><span>30<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"228\" class=\"ninja_table_row_10 nt_row_id_228\">\n            <td><span>Sb<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"229\" class=\"ninja_table_row_11 nt_row_id_229\">\n            <td><span>Sc<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1<\/span><\/td><td><span>200<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_319\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_10\" data-footable_id=\"319\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Multi-element Analyses - Geochemistry - 1D &amp; 1D Enh - INAA -1D (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm) - 3\/3\"            id=\"footable_319\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_4214921901_319\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_319 ninja_table_unique_id_4214921901_319 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"245\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_245\">\n            <td><span>Se<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"246\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_246\">\n            <td><span>Sm<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"247\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_247\">\n            <td><span>Sn<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.05%<\/span><\/td><td><span>10%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"248\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_248\">\n            <td><span>Sr<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1%<\/span><\/td><td><span>40%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"249\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_249\">\n            <td><span>Ta<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"250\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_250\">\n            <td><span>Tb<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"251\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_251\">\n            <td><span>Th<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"252\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_252\">\n            <td><span>U<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"253\" class=\"ninja_table_row_8 nt_row_id_253\">\n            <td><span>W<\/span><\/td><td><span>4<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"254\" class=\"ninja_table_row_9 nt_row_id_254\">\n            <td><span>Yb<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"255\" class=\"ninja_table_row_10 nt_row_id_255\">\n            <td><span>Zn<\/span><\/td><td><span>50<\/span><\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1D Enhanced (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm)<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"footable_parent_321\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_11\" data-footable_id=\"321\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Multi-element Analyses - Geochemistry - 1D &amp; 1D Enh - INAA - 1D Enhanced (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm) - 1\/3\"            id=\"footable_321\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_554160775_321\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_321 ninja_table_unique_id_554160775_321 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"271\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_271\">\n            <td><span>Ag<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"272\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_272\">\n            <td>As<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"273\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_273\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><span>2 ppb<\/span><\/td><td><span>30,000 ppb<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"274\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_274\">\n            <td><span>Ba<\/span><\/td><td><span>50<\/span><\/td><td><span>500,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"275\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_275\">\n            <td><span>Br<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"276\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_276\">\n            <td><span>Ca<\/span><\/td><td><span>1%<\/span><\/td><td><span>50%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"277\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_277\">\n            <td><span>Ce<\/span><\/td><td><span>3<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"278\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_278\">\n            <td><span>Co<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>5,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"279\" class=\"ninja_table_row_8 nt_row_id_279\">\n            <td><span>Cr<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"280\" class=\"ninja_table_row_9 nt_row_id_280\">\n            <td><span>Cs<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"281\" class=\"ninja_table_row_10 nt_row_id_281\">\n            <td><span>Eu<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>2,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"282\" class=\"ninja_table_row_11 nt_row_id_282\">\n            <td><span>Fe<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.01%<\/span><\/td><td><span>75%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n <div id=\"footable_parent_324\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_12\" data-footable_id=\"324\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Multi-element Analyses - Geochemistry - 1D &amp; 1D Enh - INAA - 1D Enhanced (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm) - 2\/3\"            id=\"footable_324\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2393188408_324\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_324 ninja_table_unique_id_2393188408_324 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"298\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_298\">\n            <td><p><span>Hf<\/span><\/p><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>500<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"299\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_299\">\n            <td><span>Hg<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"300\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_300\">\n            <td><span>Ir<\/span><\/td><td><span>5 ppb<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000 ppb<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"301\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_301\">\n            <td><span>La<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"302\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_302\">\n            <td><span>Lu<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.05<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"303\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_303\">\n            <td><span>Mo<\/span><\/td><td><span>1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"304\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_304\">\n            <td><span>Na<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.01%<\/span><\/td><td><span>10%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"305\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_305\">\n            <td><span>Nd<\/span><\/td><td><span>5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"306\" class=\"ninja_table_row_8 nt_row_id_306\">\n            <td><span>Ni<\/span><\/td><td><span>20<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"307\" class=\"ninja_table_row_9 nt_row_id_307\">\n            <td><span>Rb<\/span><\/td><td><span>15<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"308\" class=\"ninja_table_row_10 nt_row_id_308\">\n            <td><span>Sb<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"309\" class=\"ninja_table_row_11 nt_row_id_309\">\n            <td><span>Sc<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1<\/span><\/td><td><span>200<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n <div id=\"footable_parent_325\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_13\" data-footable_id=\"325\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Multi-element Analyses - Geochemistry - 1D &amp; 1D Enh - INAA - 1D Enhanced (Au+34) Elements and Detection Limits (ppm) - 3\/3\"            id=\"footable_325\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_3796162066_325\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_325 ninja_table_unique_id_3796162066_325 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"325\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_325\">\n            <td>Se<\/td><td>3<\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"326\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_326\">\n            <td><span>Sm<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.1<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"327\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_327\">\n            <td><span>Sn<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.02%<\/span><\/td><td><span>10%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"328\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_328\">\n            <td><span>Sr<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.05%<\/span><\/td><td><span>40%<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"329\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_329\">\n            <td><span>Ta<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"330\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_330\">\n            <td><span>Tb<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>1000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"331\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_331\">\n            <td><span>Th<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"332\" class=\"ninja_table_row_7 nt_row_id_332\">\n            <td><span>U<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.5<\/span><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"333\" class=\"ninja_table_row_8 nt_row_id_333\">\n            <td><span>W<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"334\" class=\"ninja_table_row_9 nt_row_id_334\">\n            <td><span>Yb<\/span><\/td><td><span>0.2<\/span><\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"335\" class=\"ninja_table_row_10 nt_row_id_335\">\n            <td><span>Zn<\/span><\/td><td><span>50<\/span><\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L., 1992. Instrumental Neutron Activation in Geoanalysis. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, volume 44, pp. 297-319.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" id=\"gold-and-silver-analyses\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Gold and Silver Analyses &#8211; Assay<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:rgba(204,204,204,0);--awb-background-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;--awb-icon-box-color:#1a80b6;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-title-line-height:1.2;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-198-4\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-4cec8ad397754e5f9 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_4cec8ad397754e5f9\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"4cec8ad397754e5f9\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#4cec8ad397754e5f9\" href=\"#4cec8ad397754e5f9\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A3 (1A3-30 or 50) \u2013 Au Fire Assay \u2013 Gravimetric<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"4cec8ad397754e5f9\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_4cec8ad397754e5f9\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Au is separated from the Ag in the dor\u00e9 bead by parting with nitric acid. The resulting gold flake is annealed using a torch.\u00a0 The gold flake remaining is weighed gravimetrically on a microbalance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (g\/t)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_326\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_14\" data-footable_id=\"326\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Silver Analyses - Assay - 1A3 (1A3-30 or 50) \u2013 Au Fire Assay \u2013 Gravimetric\"            id=\"footable_326\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_3857811229_326\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_326 ninja_table_unique_id_3857811229_326 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"351\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_351\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.03 (30g)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>0.02 (50g)<\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L., Clark, J.R. and Yeager, J.R. 1998.\u00a0 Gold analysis &#8211; Fire Assaying and alternative methods. Exploration and Mining Geology, Volume 7, p.155-160.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-cec32f09e9853490f fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_cec32f09e9853490f\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cec32f09e9853490f\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#cec32f09e9853490f\" href=\"#cec32f09e9853490f\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A3-Ag, Au and Ag Fire Assay - Gravimetric<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"cec32f09e9853490f\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_cec32f09e9853490f\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Fire Assay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge), which contain no silver, and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The cupellation of the bead is controlled by the volatility of the silver. The Ag bead is weighed and Ag value calculated from the weight. Au is separated from the Ag in the dor\u00e9 bead by parting with nitric acid. The gold (roasting) flake remaining is weighed gravimetrically on a micro balance for Au.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits (g\/t)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_328\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_15\" data-footable_id=\"328\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Silver Analyses - Assay - 1A3-Ag, Au and Ag Fire Assay - Gravimetric\"            id=\"footable_328\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2007225365_328\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_328 ninja_table_unique_id_2007225365_328 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"352\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_352\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.03<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"353\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_353\">\n            <td><span>Ag<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>3<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-ba411dd9791af1472 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_ba411dd9791af1472\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"ba411dd9791af1472\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#ba411dd9791af1472\" href=\"#ba411dd9791af1472\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1A4 (1A4-1000) \u2013 Au Fire Assay \u2013 Metallic Screen<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"ba411dd9791af1472\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_ba411dd9791af1472\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong>Metallic Screen<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A representative 500g split (1,000g for 1A4-1000) is sieved at 100 mesh (149 micron) with fire assays performed on the entire +100 mesh and 2 splits on the -100 mesh fraction. The total amount of sample and the +100 mesh and -100 mesh fraction is weighed for assay reconciliation. Alternative sieving mesh sizes are available but the user is warned that the finer the grind the more likelihood of gold loss by plating out on the mill.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Fire Assay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Au is separated from the Ag in the dor\u00e9 bead by parting with nitric acid. The gold (roasting) flake remaining is weighed gravimetrically on a microbalance. Two splits on the -150 micron fraction are weighted and analyzed by fire assay with a gravimetric finish. A final assay is calculated based on the weight of each separated fraction and obtained Au values.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (g\/t)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_329\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_16\" data-footable_id=\"329\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Silver Analyses - Assay - 1A4 (1A4-1000) \u2013 Au Fire Assay \u2013 Metallic Screen\"            id=\"footable_329\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_4178545985_329\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_329 ninja_table_unique_id_4178545985_329 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"354\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_354\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.03<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L. , Clark, J.R. and Yeager, J.R. 1998. Gold analysis-Fire Assaying and alternative methods. Exploration and Mining Geology, Volume 7, pp. 155-160.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-c86b45f4bbafc6f87 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_c86b45f4bbafc6f87\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"c86b45f4bbafc6f87\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#c86b45f4bbafc6f87\" href=\"#c86b45f4bbafc6f87\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">8-Ag<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"c86b45f4bbafc6f87\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_c86b45f4bbafc6f87\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 10 to 50 grams can be used, but the routine 30g size is applied for rock pulps. The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge), which contain no silver. The mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible, and is preheated to 850\u00b0C, raised to an intermediate 950 \u00b0C and finished at 1060 \u00b0C. The entire fusion process lasts 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Element and Detection Limits (g\/t)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_330\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_17\" data-footable_id=\"330\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold and Silver Analyses - Assay - 8-Ag\"            id=\"footable_330\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2549112720_330\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_330 ninja_table_unique_id_2549112720_330 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"358\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_358\">\n            <td><span>Ag<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>3<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" id=\"gold-platinum-palladium-and-rhodium\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Gold, Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:rgba(204,204,204,0);--awb-background-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;--awb-icon-box-color:#1a80b6;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-title-line-height:1.2;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-198-5\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-13416a2b0093a5544 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_13416a2b0093a5544\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"13416a2b0093a5544\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#13416a2b0093a5544\" href=\"#13416a2b0093a5544\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1C-Exploration \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"13416a2b0093a5544\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_13416a2b0093a5544\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au, Pt and Pd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO 3 + HCl.\u00a0 After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au, Pt, Pd by ICP-MS.\u00a0 On each tray of 42 samples there are two method blanks, three sample duplicates, and 2 certified reference materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For vegetation ash samples, a lower weight can be used but will result in elevated detection limits.\u00a0 Smaller sample splits are used for high chromite or sulphide samples to ensure proper fluxing and metal recoveries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If values exceed upper limits, reanalysis by fire assay 1C-OES-ORE is recommended.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_332\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_18\" data-footable_id=\"332\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - 1C-Exploration \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS\"            id=\"footable_332\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2457211592_332\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_332 ninja_table_unique_id_2457211592_332 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"360\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_360\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>2<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"361\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_361\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>1<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"362\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_362\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>1<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L. and Dunn, Bernie, 2002.\u00a0 Sample Preparation and Bulk Analytical Methods for PGE.CIM Special Volume 54 The Geology, Geochemistry and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum Group Elements Edited by Louis J. Cabri, pp.1-11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L., Clark, John R. and Yeager, James R., 1998.\u00a0 Gold Analysis \u2013 Fire Assaying and Alternative Methods. Explor. Mining Geology , Volume 7, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 155-160.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-0b077e09984bde0f5 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_0b077e09984bde0f5\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"0b077e09984bde0f5\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#0b077e09984bde0f5\" href=\"#0b077e09984bde0f5\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1C-Exp2 \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"0b077e09984bde0f5\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_0b077e09984bde0f5\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au, Pt and Pd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO3 + HCl.\u00a0 After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au, Pt, Pd by ICP-MS.\u00a0 On each tray of 42 samples there are two method blanks, three sample duplicates, and 2 certified reference materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For vegetation ash samples a lower weight can be used but will result in elevated detection limits.\u00a0 Smaller sample splits are used for high chromite or sulphide samples to ensure proper fluxing and metal recoveries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If values exceed upper limits, reanalysis by fire assay 1C-OES-ORE is recommended.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_336\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_19\" data-footable_id=\"336\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - 1C-Exp2 \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS\"            id=\"footable_336\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_3413762055_336\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_336 ninja_table_unique_id_3413762055_336 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"363\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_363\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>1<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"364\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_364\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.5<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"365\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_365\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.5<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>References<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L. and Dunn, Bernie, 2002.\u00a0 Sample Preparation and Bulk Analytical Methods for PGE.CIM Special Volume 54 The Geology, Geochemistry and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum Group Elements Edited by Louis J. Cabri, pp.1-11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L., Clark, John R. and Yeager, James R., 1998.\u00a0 Gold Analysis \u2013 Fire Assaying and Alternative Methods. Explor. Mining Geology , Volume 7, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 155-160.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-d391a21b8ed021096 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_d391a21b8ed021096\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"d391a21b8ed021096\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#d391a21b8ed021096\" href=\"#d391a21b8ed021096\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1C-Research \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"d391a21b8ed021096\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_d391a21b8ed021096\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30 g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au, Pt and Pd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO3 + HCl with a special complexing agent to prevent the Au, Pd and Pt from adsorbing onto the test tube.\u00a0 After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au, Pt and Pd using an ICP-MS. On each tray of 42 samples there are two method blanks, three sample duplicates, and 2 certified reference materials. The ICP\/MS is recalibrated every 45 samples. Smaller sample splits are used for high chromite or sulphide samples.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For vegetation ash samples a lower weight can be used but will result in elevated detection limits.\u00a0 For a 1 g sample the detection limit will be 3 ppb for Pt and Pd. Vegetation and humus can be analyzed directly by pre-ashing in the fire assay crucible at 475 degrees to eliminate organics which do not go through the fire assay procedure directly very well.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If values exceed the upper limits, reanalysis by fire assay 1C-OES-ORE is recommended.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_340\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_20\" data-footable_id=\"340\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - 1C-Research \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS\"            id=\"footable_340\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1080666759_340\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_340 ninja_table_unique_id_1080666759_340 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"366\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_366\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>1<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"367\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_367\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.1<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"368\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_368\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td><p><span>0.1<\/span><span><\/span><\/p><\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L. and Dunn, Bernie, 2002.\u00a0 Sample Preparation and Bulk Analytical Methods for PGE. CIM Special Volume 54: The Geology, Geochemistry and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum Group Elements Edited by Louis J. Cabri, pp.1-11.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-6366423006ed4d84d fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_6366423006ed4d84d\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"6366423006ed4d84d\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#6366423006ed4d84d\" href=\"#6366423006ed4d84d\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1C-Rhodium<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"6366423006ed4d84d\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_6366423006ed4d84d\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. Instead of using Ag as a collector, Au is used to avoid the problem of insoluble Rh Ag alloys.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After cooling the lead button is separated from the slag and cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the bead.\u00a0 The bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO3 + HCl. After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is dissolved in acid and analyzed for Rh by ICP-MS. \u00a0 On each tray of 42 samples there are two method blanks, three sample duplicates, and 2 certified reference materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For vegetation ash samples a lower weight can be used but will result in elevated detection limits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_342\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_21\" data-footable_id=\"342\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - 1C-Rhodium\"            id=\"footable_342\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_1344423054_342\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_342 ninja_table_unique_id_1344423054_342 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"372\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_372\">\n            <td><span>Rh<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L., Clark, John R. and Yeager, James R., 1998.\u00a0 Gold Analysis \u2013 Fire Assaying and Alternative Methods. Explor. Mining Geology, Volume 7, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 155-160.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-21e0c0313374affbc fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_21e0c0313374affbc\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"21e0c0313374affbc\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#21e0c0313374affbc\" href=\"#21e0c0313374affbc\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1C-OES \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-OES<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"21e0c0313374affbc\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_21e0c0313374affbc\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sample size of 5 to 50 grams can be used but the routine size is 30g for rock pulps, soils or sediments (exploration samples). The sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible. The mixture is then preheated at 850\u00b0C, intermediate 950\u00b0C and finish 1060\u00b0C with the entire fusion process lasting 60 minutes. The crucibles are then removed from the assay furnace and the molten slag (lighter material) is carefully poured from the crucible into a mould, leaving a lead button at the base of the mould. The lead button is then placed in a preheated cupel which absorbs the lead when cupelled at 950\u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au, Pt and Pd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95\u00b0C) HNO 3 + HCl.\u00a0 After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au, Pt, Pd by ICP-OES.\u00a0 The instrument is recalibrated every 45 samples. On each tray of 42 samples there are two method blanks, three sample duplicates, and 2 certified reference materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For vegetation ash samples a lower weight can be used but will result in elevated detection limits. Smaller sample splits are used for high chromite or sulphide samples to ensure proper fluxing and metal recoveries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If values exceed upper limits, reanalysis by fire assay 1C-OES-ORE is recommended.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_344\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_22\" data-footable_id=\"344\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - 1C-OES \u2013 Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-OES\"            id=\"footable_344\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_888006792_344\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_344 ninja_table_unique_id_888006792_344 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"373\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_373\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td>2<\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"374\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_374\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"375\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_375\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>30,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L. and Dunn, Bernie, 2002.\u00a0 Sample Preparation and Bulk Analytical Methods for PGE. CIM Special Volume 54 The Geology, Geochemistry and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum Group Elements Edited by Louis J. Cabri, pp.1-11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L., Clark, John R. and Yeager, James R., 1998.\u00a0 Gold Analysis \u2013 Fire Assaying and Alternative Methods. Explor. Mining Geology , Volume 7, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 155-160.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-00de6c04f2fa28a59 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_00de6c04f2fa28a59\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"00de6c04f2fa28a59\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#00de6c04f2fa28a59\" href=\"#00de6c04f2fa28a59\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1C-OES-ORE - Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-OES<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"00de6c04f2fa28a59\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_00de6c04f2fa28a59\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A 30 gram sample is mixed with fire assay fluxes (borax, soda ash, silica, litharge) and with Ag added as a collector and the mixture is placed in a fire clay crucible, the mixture is preheated at 850 \u00b0C, intermediate 950 \u00b0C and finish 1060 \u00b0C, the entire fusion process should last 60 minutes.\u00a0 After cooling, the lead button is separated from the slag and cupelled at 950 \u00b0C to recover the Ag (dor\u00e9 bead) + Au, Pt, Pd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ag dor\u00e9 bead is digested in hot (95 \u00b0C) HNO3 + HCl.\u00a0 After cooling for 2 hours the sample solution is analyzed for Au, Pt, Pd by ICP-OES.\u00a0 A blank and a digested standard are run every 15 samples. Instrument is recalibrated every 45 samples. All samples are analyzed in duplicate. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If samples are above 1000 g\/t, refer to Concentrate package, 8-Au, Pt, Pd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits g\/t<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_346\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_23\" data-footable_id=\"346\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Gold Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - 8-Au, Pt, Pd, Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-OES\"            id=\"footable_346\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2143800453_346\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_346 ninja_table_unique_id_2143800453_346 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"376\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_376\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td>0.006<\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"377\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_377\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td>0.001<\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"378\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_378\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td>0.001<\/td><td><span>1,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L. and Dunn, Bernie, 2002.\u00a0 Sample Preparation and Bulk Analytical Methods for PGE.CIM Special Volume 54. The Geology, Geochemistry and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum Group Elements Edited by Louis J. Cabri, pp.1-11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L., Clark, John R. and Yeager, James R., 1998.\u00a0 Gold Analysis \u2013 Fire Assaying and Alternative Methods. Explor. Mining Geology, Volume 7, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 155-160.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" id=\"platinum-group-elements\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Platinum Group Elements<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:rgba(204,204,204,0);--awb-background-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#1e99df;--awb-content-color:#4f4d4d;--awb-icon-box-color:#1a80b6;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:regular;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-198-6\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-70ffb4ab83f78be45 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_70ffb4ab83f78be45\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"70ffb4ab83f78be45\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#70ffb4ab83f78be45\" href=\"#70ffb4ab83f78be45\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1B1 \u2013 Fire Assay - INAA<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"70ffb4ab83f78be45\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_70ffb4ab83f78be45\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samples up to 25 g in size are fire assayed using a nickel sulphide (NiS) fire assay procedure. The nickel sulphide button is dissolved in concentrated HCl and the resulting residue which contains all the PGE and Au are collected on a filter paper. One batch of 34 samples includes 2 blanks, 3 certified standards and 3 duplicates. This residue undergoes 2 irradiations and 3 separate counts to measure all the PGE and Au. <\/span>We recommend submitting &gt;100g for analysis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>INAA Finish<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) is an analytical technique which is dependent on measuring gamma radiation induced in the sample by irradiation with neutrons. The primary source of neutrons for irradiation is a nuclear reactor. Each element which is activated emits a \u201cfingerprint\u201d of gamma radiation which can be measured and quantified.\u00a0 Multi-element analyses of practically any material, from the smallest sample which can be weighed accurately to very large samples, have been analyzed routinely by INAA.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(NiS Fire Assay-INAA) Elements and Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_348\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_24\" data-footable_id=\"348\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Platinum Group Elements - 1B1 - Fire Assay - INAA\"            id=\"footable_348\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_2837459004_348\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_348 ninja_table_unique_id_2837459004_348 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"379\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_379\">\n            <td><span>Os<\/span><\/td><td>2<\/td><td><span>20,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"380\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_380\">\n            <td><span>Ir<\/span><\/td><td>0.1<\/td><td><span>10,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"381\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_381\">\n            <td><span>Ru<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>50,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"382\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_382\">\n            <td><span>Rh<\/span><\/td><td>0.2<\/td><td><span>20,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"383\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_383\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td>5<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"384\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_384\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td>2<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"385\" class=\"ninja_table_row_6 nt_row_id_385\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td><span>20,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L., 1992.\u00a0 Instrumental Neutron Activation in Geoanalysis.\u00a0 Journal of Geochemical Exploration, volume 44, pp. 297-319.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, E.L., Naldrett, A.J., Van Loon, J.C., Hancock, R.G.V. and Manson, A., 1978. The determination of all the platinum group elements and gold in rocks and ore by neutron activation analysis after preconcentrating by a nickel sulphide fire-assay technique on large samples.\u00a0 Anal. Chim. Acta, volume 102, pp. 157-166.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-06df89fa08a820691 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_06df89fa08a820691\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"06df89fa08a820691\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#06df89fa08a820691\" href=\"#06df89fa08a820691\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">1B2 - Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"06df89fa08a820691\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_06df89fa08a820691\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samples up to 50g in size are fire assayed using a nickel sulphide (NiS) fire assay procedure.\u00a0 Residue is dissolved, diluted and analyzed by an ICP-MS.\u00a0 A blank and a digested standard are run every 15 samples. The instrument is recalibrated every 45 samples. One batch of 34 samples includes 2 blanks, 3 certified standards and 3 duplicates. We recommend submitting &gt;100g for analysis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elements and Detection Limits (ppb)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div id=\"footable_parent_351\"\n         class=\" footable_parent ninja_table_wrapper loading_ninja_table wp_table_data_press_parent semantic_ui \">\n                <table data-ninja_table_instance=\"ninja_table_instance_25\" data-footable_id=\"351\" data-filter-delay=\"1000\" aria-label=\"Geochemistry - Precious Metal Analysis - Platinum Group Elements - 1B2 - Fire Assay \u2013 ICP-MS\"            id=\"footable_351\"\n           data-unique_identifier=\"ninja_table_unique_id_4266218217_351\"\n           class=\" foo-table ninja_footable foo_table_351 ninja_table_unique_id_4266218217_351 ui table  nt_type_legacy_table selectable celled striped compact vertical_centered  footable-paging-right ninja_table_search_disabled ninja_table_pro\">\n                <colgroup>\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_0 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_1 \">\n                            <col class=\"ninja_column_2 \">\n                    <\/colgroup>\n        <thead>\n<tr class=\"footable-header\">\n                                                        <th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_0 ninja_clmn_nm_code \">Element <\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_1 ninja_clmn_nm_description \">Detection Limit<\/th><th scope=\"col\"  class=\"ninja_column_2 ninja_clmn_nm_upper_limit \">Upper Limit<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\n        <tr data-row_id=\"393\" class=\"ninja_table_row_0 nt_row_id_393\">\n            <td><span>Ir<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td>10,000<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"394\" class=\"ninja_table_row_1 nt_row_id_394\">\n            <td><span>Ru<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td>10,000<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"395\" class=\"ninja_table_row_2 nt_row_id_395\">\n            <td><span>Rh<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td>10,000<\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"396\" class=\"ninja_table_row_3 nt_row_id_396\">\n            <td><span>Pt<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"397\" class=\"ninja_table_row_4 nt_row_id_397\">\n            <td><span>Pd<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n            <tr data-row_id=\"398\" class=\"ninja_table_row_5 nt_row_id_398\">\n            <td><span>Au<\/span><\/td><td>1<\/td><td><span>100,000<\/span><\/td>        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody><!--ninja_tobody_rendering_done-->\n    <\/table>\n    \n    \n    \n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoffman, Eric L. and Dunn, Bernie, Sample Preparation and Bulk Analytical Methods for PGE.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div 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